Incorporate vertical gardening
Maximise your space and provide some natural shading by growing plants vertically. Use shelves, hanging pots, or a vertical planter to add more greenery without taking up too much room. Choose climbing plants like ivy, jasmine, or grapevine to create a lush backdrop that also offers some protection from the direct sun. This approach not only makes your balcony more vibrant but also helps keep the temperature down, benefiting all the plants in your garden.
Choose heat-tolerant plants
The key to a successful Mediterranean balcony garden is selecting plants that thrive in hot conditions. Opt for drought-resistant varieties like succulents, herbs (rosemary, thyme, oregano), and hardy flowering plants such as geraniums or bougainvillaea. These plants are well-suited for direct sunlight and can handle the high temperatures of a Mediterranean summer. Mixing in a few native plants will also increase the chances of your garden surviving the heat.
Use the right containers
The type of pots you use can make a big difference in a hot climate. Go for light-coloured containers, as they reflect sunlight and help keep the soil cooler. Terracotta pots are a great option because they are breathable, allowing water to evaporate naturally, which prevents root rot. However, they do dry out faster, so you may need to monitor soil moisture. For better insulation, consider double potting your plants: place a plastic pot inside a decorative container to minimise heat transfer.
Provide shade for delicate plants
Not all plants can handle direct, harsh sunlight all day long. Install shade cloths, umbrellas, or strategically place larger plants to provide natural shade for more sensitive species. If your balcony gets intense afternoon sun, consider setting up a trellis or climbing plants like jasmine to create dappled shade. This will help keep the temperature down, protecting your plants from sunburn and reducing water evaporation.
Opt for quality soil and mulch
Good soil is essential for a healthy balcony garden. Use high-quality potting mix with good drainage to prevent waterlogging and root rot. Adding compost will improve the soil’s ability to retain moisture, which is crucial in a hot climate. Mulch the surface of your soil with organic materials like bark, straw, or pebbles. This layer helps regulate soil temperature, retain moisture, and reduce evaporation, allowing your plants to stay hydrated for longer.
Water wisely and consistently
In hot Mediterranean climates, watering your plants efficiently is crucial. Water early in the morning or late in the evening to minimise evaporation and allow plants to absorb moisture before the heat of the day. Consider using self-watering pots or setting up a drip irrigation system to provide a slow, consistent water supply directly to the roots. Avoid overhead watering, as wet leaves can scorch under intense sunlight.
